凯发天生一触即发碳金融的概念

2024-07-28 00:55:21 来源于:凯发k8国际·天生赢家·一触即发

  从国外文献来看▼…●□•☆,碳金融的提法并不多见☆•=▲△。索罗亚▪○=-▪,拉巴特和罗德尼怀特(Sonia Labatt & Rodney R•○▪■▷. White)在2007年出版的《碳金融☆●:气候变化的金融启示》一书中认为▷▼,碳金融是由金融机构主导的•-•,将碳排放因素引入金融理论和实践中△=●☆◁,开发•▷▷★●“为转移气候风险的基于市场的金融产品-▽▪△◆”◁▼•◁○▼。他们是在讨论气候变化带给金融机构的挑战★○,金融机构对气候变化的责任和机会的基础上提出碳金融的概念□◁★●☆☆。

  则指泛指所有服务于减少温室气体排放的各种金融制度安排和金融交易活动△○●▽■•,包括碳排放权及其衍生品的交易和投资-•、低碳项目开发的投融资以及其他相关的金融中介活动(王元龙■◁●■▽◁,2009)○▲▷☆--。袁鹰(2008)认为碳金融就是与减少碳排放有关的所有金融交易活动★-■◁,既包括碳排放权及其衍生产品的

  按照世界银行自2002年始已连续出版8年的《碳市场现状和趋势》给出的严格定义=▽,碳金融指为购买产生(或预计产生)温室气体(二氧化碳)减排量的项目提供资源(World Bank▪▽=▷◆○,2009)●○•,其定义限定为

  交易◆□▼☆◆•、投资或投机活动□●◁○-,也包括发展低碳能源项目的投融资活动以及相关的担保-▽◁•○•、咨询服务等活动•△▪。根据国内流行的观点●▼,碳金融可宽泛理解为应对气候变化的金融解决方案▪▲△…▲。但现阶段国内排放权交易所和

  即配额市场和项目市场及相关的衍生产品市场□◆•●△△。包括各气候交易所的碳金融产品及衍生产品…●■○,但未涵盖银行和保险业所提供的相关金融产品▪▪•▼▲□。其原因可能原始的碳排放权是免费分配▽■☆☆。

  目前国内外还没有明确统一的概念界定◇★=○▷△。自欧洲气候交易所(European Climate Ex◁•,change□▲☆◁,ECX)2005年陆续推出

  碳市场▼★◁…,狭义的碳金融市场指基于交易所的碳衍生品市场•□;沿袭碳金融的定义-▪●,从涵盖内容来看●▷▲◁◇,

  华东【上海▲▲=■、山东济南▼■▲•、江苏南京☆○◆…、安徽合肥▪-○•▪□、江西南昌-□▲、浙江温州■▲▽◆■、福建厦门】

  批准单位=▷★☆:中华人民共和国工业信息部 国家工商管理总局 指导单位○○★★•:国家发改委 环境保护部 国家能源局 各地环境能源交易所

  世界银行和全球着名的碳咨询公司点碳公司均使用碳市场(carbon market)概念▼●☆▼,也未区分碳排放权交易市场和碳金融市场■▽★,广义的碳金融市场为温室气体排放权交易以及与之相关的各种金融活动和交易的总称▽◆…,国外几乎没有使用碳金融市场的概念△▲,也包括那些开发可产生额外排放权(各种减排单位)的项目的交易◆△-▪。

  项目投融资▼••●,应为碳融资□=●=,但按照国内习惯◆◇○•▼▷,更倾向称之为碳金融◇◁▽,其与狭义的碳衍生产品不同-•◇□○△,但属于广义的减缓气候变化的金融解决方案之一-•●△▷□。目前碳金融的理论和实践发展均尚不成熟▲★,给出一个准确的定义较为困难…▲◁•◆,可以定论的是碳金融是环境金融的一个重要分支-▪,其目的在于减缓碳排放和促进可持续发展凯发天生一触即发▪-◆。

  本文所限定的碳金融市场与世界银行所定义的碳市场一致▲△◁◆◇,以及与排放权相关的各种衍生产品交易(曾刚和万志宏▽★,2009)■○•◁▪?

  为简化问题◇□-…□◆,其仅涵盖了配额市场和项目市场=▪●-,碳平台)而是直接使用碳市场的概念•▪□●▲•,国外所使用的碳市场与国内所使用的碳金融市场差异并不大▷◆★△=。对于碳金融市场•◆☆,碳排放权可直接进入碳衍生品市场▽□△▷。尚未采用省区市分站●□◇:(各省/自治区/直辖市各省会城市碳交易所◇=◇,交易◆■●-■,该市场既包括排放权交易市场★△-!

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